Gaspar de Guzmán

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12 hours ago

Author

Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, vévoda ze Sanlúcaru, hrabě z Olivaresu (6. ledna 1587 - 22. července 1645), byl španělský grand, favorit krále Filipa IV. a ministr. Jako předseda vlády v letech 1621 až 1643 nadměrně zatížil Španělsko válkami a neúspěšně se pokusil o vnitropolitickou reformu. Jeho úsilí o znovudobytí Nizozemska vedla k novému vzplanutí osmdesátileté války v době, kdy bylo Španělsko také zapleteno do třicetileté války (1618-1648). Kromě toho jeho pokusy o centralizaci moci a zvýšení válečného zdanění vedly ke vzpourám v Katalánsku a v Portugalsku, což způsobilo jeho pád.

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Literatura

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